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Aubrieta

Aubrieta deltoidea ·

Aubrieta (Aubrieta deltoidea) in flower
Photo: Stan Shebs, via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)

A tight, evergreen mat covered so thickly with purple or pink flowers in spring that the leaves disappear. It is at its best hanging over a wall.

Size
6 in tall, 18 in wide
Zones
4 to 8
Light
Full sun
Flowers
Mid April to mid May
Pets
Not checked
Job in a bed
Carpet

A bed built around aubrieta

The planner designed this bed around aubrieta when this page was made: a 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, full sun. It chose the other plants from the 715 that suit those conditions and its dry soil, and says below why aubrieta stands where it does.

A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) bed at eye level in early May: Aubrieta, Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies', Brown-eyed Susan, Little bluestem 'The Blues', Silver sage, Butterfly weed, Schubert's allium, Ornamental onion 'Purple Sensation'.
A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, full sun, seen from the path in early May.
3. Brown-eyed Susan33. Brown-eyed Susan33. Brown-eyed Susan33. Brown-eyed Susan33. Brown-eyed Susan34. Little bluestem 'The Blues'44. Little bluestem 'The Blues'44. Little bluestem 'The Blues'44. Little bluestem 'The Blues'44. Little bluestem 'The Blues'45. Silver sage52. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'21. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta12. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'26. Butterfly weed66. Butterfly weed66. Butterfly weed67. Schubert's allium77. Schubert's allium78. Ornamental onion 'Purple Sensation'88. Ornamental onion 'Purple Sensation'82. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'21. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta11. Aubrieta12. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'22. Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies'28. Ornamental onion 'Purple Sensation'8
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Cheddar pinks 'Tiny Rubies' × 16, pink
  2. 3 Brown-eyed Susan × 5, yellow
  3. 4 Little bluestem 'The Blues' × 5, tan
  4. 5 Silver sage × 1, silver leaves
  5. 6 Butterfly weed × 3, orange
  6. 7 Schubert's allium × 2, pink
  7. 8 Ornamental onion 'Purple Sensation' × 3, purple

Why this plant

  • The only dense clusters. The others are open bowls, daisies, spires and others. Shape reads at a distance, where colours blur.

Why here

  • On the front edge. At 6 in it frames the bed without hiding it, and it is in leaf all season. It finishes 30% of the edge.
  • 8 plants in 2 runs (5 and 3). Runs of different lengths make the edge a frame, not a ruled line.
  • Fine leaf against bold. Silver sage is beside it: the strongest contrast of leaf there is.

Why now

  • In flower for six weeks. From mid April to mid May.
  • Opens the season. In all that time nothing else on the plan is in flower.
  • One of two evergreens. They are what the bed has to show from November to March.

Planned as an English border: 6 of the 6 groups (100%) are drifts, longer along the bed than they are deep. The back corners are held by brown-eyed Susan and little bluestem 'The Blues', the tallest plants on the plan. Cool colours (purple and pink) with yellow and orange as the warm notes, and tan to calm things between them.

The planner's own design check: 13 Excellent, 4 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where aubrieta goes in a border

At 6 in it belongs at the front of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is ground-hugging (up to 6 in).

Its job: carpet. A groundcover planted in threes and fives to cover the soil: along the front, and just behind it.

Planted with white rock cress and yellow basket-of-gold it makes the classic spring wall of three colours. Cut it back hard after flowering, or it goes bare in the centre.

  • Cascading over walls and rocks
  • A spring carpet with bulbs
  • Paving and gravel

What to plant with aubrieta

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Rock cress: in flower together for five weeks, from mid April; happy in the same dry soil.
  • Basket-of-gold: purple against yellow, opposite each other on the colour wheel, if you choose those colours, in flower together for five weeks; tall enough (10 in) to stand behind it; happy in the same dry soil.
  • Creeping phlox: in flower together for five weeks, from mid April.

Questions about aubrieta

Does aubrieta need sun or shade?

Aubrieta grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day).

It wants dry, sharply drained soil, of average fertility, and little watering once settled.

What zones does aubrieta grow in?

USDA zones 4 to 8. It is hardy to zone 4, which means it survives winter nights down to about −20 °F (−29 °C).

Above zone 8 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does aubrieta flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers mid April to mid May. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when aubrieta is in flower
Zone 4Mid April to late May
Zone 5Mid April to mid May
Zone 6Early April to early May
Zone 7Late March to early May
Zone 8Late March to late April

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should aubrieta be planted?

12 in (30 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 18 in (45 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 6 in (15 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many aubrieta plants do I need?

At 12 in apart, set out in staggered rows:

  • 12 to fill 10 square feet (about 1 m²)
  • 11 for a single row 10 ft (3 m) long
  • 38 to fill a 4 × 8 ft bed on its own

In a mixed border, plant it as threes and fives, along the front and just behind it.

In the bed above, the planner used eight in two groups.

Is there a native plant like aubrieta?

Aubrieta is not native to North America. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:

  • Rock cress: the same job in a bed, the same size and the same flowering time; white or pink, not purple, not evergreen.
  • Three-toothed cinquefoil: the same job in a bed and the same size; flowers late May to early July, white, not purple.
  • Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet': the same job in a bed and the same size; flowers early May to late May, lavender, not purple.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

What flowers after aubrieta?

Aubrieta is over by mid May. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

What does aubrieta look like in winter?

Aubrieta keeps its grey-green leaves all winter, so it is one of the plants that hold a bed together from November to March, when the perennials have gone.

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 4 · Zone 5 · Zone 6 · Zone 7 · Zone 8

In flower in: April · May

Every fact on record

Type
Perennial (groundcover)
Size
6 in (15 cm) tall, 18 in (45 cm) wide
Plant
12 in (30 cm) apart
Height class
Ground-hugging (up to 6 in)
Place in the bed
Front
Flowers
Mid April to mid May; dense clusters; purple, pink
Leaves
Fine texture, evergreen; grey-green
Shape
Mat-forming, spreading
Hardy in
USDA zones 4 to 8
Light
Full sun
Soil
Average, dry and sharply drained
Water
Low
Feeding
None needed

Checked against VASCAN (plants of Canada). Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.