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Drumstick primrose

Primula denticulata ·

Drumstick primrose (Primula denticulata) in flower
Photo: Thomas888b, via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Perfect globes of lilac, purple, white or pink flowers on stout stems in early spring, like small drumsticks, often before the leaves have fully grown.

Size
12 in tall, 10 in wide
Zones
3 to 8
Light
Part sun to part shade
Flowers
Early April to early May
Pets
Toxic (mild)
Job in a bed
Drift

A bed built around drumstick primrose

The planner designed this bed around drumstick primrose when this page was made: a 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, part sun. It chose the other plants from the 708 that suit those conditions, and says below why drumstick primrose stands where it does.

A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) bed at eye level in late April: Drumstick primrose, Bloody cranesbill, Swamp milkweed 'Ice Ballet', Bee balm 'Purple Rooster', Inkberry 'Gem Box', Black-eyed Susan 'Goldsturm', Hyacinth 'Delft Blue', Red spider lily.
A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, part sun, seen from the path in late April.
3. Swamp milkweed 'Ice Ballet'33. Swamp milkweed 'Ice Ballet'33. Swamp milkweed 'Ice Ballet'34. Bee balm 'Purple Rooster'44. Bee balm 'Purple Rooster'44. Bee balm 'Purple Rooster'45. Inkberry 'Gem Box'52. Bloody cranesbill22. Bloody cranesbill22. Bloody cranesbill22. Bloody cranesbill22. Bloody cranesbill21. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose11. Drumstick primrose16. Black-eyed Susan 'Goldsturm'66. Black-eyed Susan 'Goldsturm'66. Black-eyed Susan 'Goldsturm'68. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily8. Red spider lily7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'7. Hyacinth 'Delft Blue'
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Bloody cranesbill × 5, pink
  2. 3 Swamp milkweed 'Ice Ballet' × 3, white
  3. 4 Bee balm 'Purple Rooster' × 3, purple
  4. 5 Inkberry 'Gem Box' × 1, dark green leaves
  5. 6 Black-eyed Susan 'Goldsturm' × 3, yellow
  6. 7 Hyacinth 'Delft Blue' × 12, blue
  7. 8 Red spider lily × 10, red

Why this plant

  • The only lavender.

Why here

  • On the front edge. At 12 in it frames the bed without hiding it, and it is in leaf all season. It finishes 36% of the edge.
  • 8 plants in 2 runs (5 and 3). Runs of different lengths make the edge a frame, not a ruled line.

Why now

  • In flower for six weeks. From early April to early May.
  • Opens the season. In its first week nothing else on the plan is in flower.

Planned as an English border: 5 of the 6 groups (83%) are drifts, longer along the bed than they are deep. Early colour comes from bulbs planted between the other plants: hyacinth 'Delft Blue'. The flowers run from early April to early October: 26 weeks in all.

The planner's own design check: 11 Excellent, 6 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where drumstick primrose goes in a border

At 12 in it belongs at the front of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is low (6 to 12 in).

Its job: drift. Planted in a small group of three or five, and repeated further along in the other number.

A ball on a stick is an unusual shape so early in the year, and it stands out among the flat faces of other spring flowers. It needs moisture all summer.

  • Early spring colour in moist soil
  • Woodland edges
  • Beside ponds

What to plant with drumstick primrose

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Lungwort: in flower together for six weeks, from early April; happy in the same moist soil.
  • Lenten rose: in flower together for six weeks, from early April; bold leaves against its medium ones.
  • English primrose: purple against yellow, opposite each other on the colour wheel, if you choose those colours, in flower together for six weeks; low enough (6 in) to stand in front of it; happy in the same moist soil.

Questions about drumstick primrose

Does drumstick primrose need sun or shade?

Drumstick primrose grows in part sun (4 to 6 hours of sun, including some afternoon sun) and part shade (2 to 4 hours of sun, mostly in the morning).

It wants soil that stays evenly moist, rich in organic matter, and plenty of water.

What zones does drumstick primrose grow in?

USDA zones 3 to 8. It is hardy to zone 3, which means it survives winter nights down to about −30 °F (−34 °C).

Above zone 8 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does drumstick primrose flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers early April to early May. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when drumstick primrose is in flower
Zone 3Mid April to late May
Zone 4Mid April to mid May
Zone 5Early April to early May
Zone 6Late March to early May
Zone 7Late March to late April
Zone 8Mid March to mid April

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should drumstick primrose be planted?

10 in (25 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is about its full width, so each plant keeps its own outline.

It grows 12 in (30 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many drumstick primrose plants do I need?

At 10 in apart, set out in staggered rows:

  • 17 to fill 10 square feet (about 1 m²)
  • 13 for a single row 10 ft (3 m) long
  • 55 to fill a 4 × 8 ft bed on its own

In a mixed border, plant it as a group of three or five, with a second group further along in the other number.

In the bed above, the planner used eight in two groups.

Is drumstick primrose poisonous to dogs and cats?

Yes: mild toxicity to dogs, cats and horses. Can cause mild vomiting in pets if eaten.

Is there a pet-safe plant like drumstick primrose?

These come closest to doing what drumstick primrose does, and no toxicity is recorded for them:

  • Woodland phlox: the same job in a bed, the same size and the same colour; flowers late April to late May.
  • Creeping Jacob's ladder: the same job in a bed and the same size; flowers late April to late May, blue, not lavender.
  • Shooting star: the same job in a bed; 4 in taller, flowers early May to late May.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

What flowers after drumstick primrose?

Drumstick primrose is over by early May. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

  • Lily of the valley: from early May to late May, 8 in tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.
  • Sweet woodruff: from early May to early June, 8 in tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.
  • Bugleweed: from early May to late May, 6 in tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.

What does drumstick primrose look like in winter?

Drumstick primrose dies down to the ground and there is nothing to see until spring. The old stems can be cut in autumn, or left until spring as shelter for overwintering insects.

More Primula

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 3 · Zone 4 · Zone 5 · Zone 6 · Zone 7 · Zone 8

In flower in: April · May

Every fact on record

Type
Perennial
Size
12 in (30 cm) tall, 10 in (25 cm) wide
Plant
10 in (25 cm) apart
Height class
Low (6 to 12 in)
Place in the bed
Front
Flowers
Early April to early May; globes; lavender, purple, white, pink
Leaves
Medium texture, herbaceous; green
Shape
Mounding, clumping
Hardy in
USDA zones 3 to 8
Light
Part sun, part shade
Soil
Rich, evenly moist
Water
High
Feeding
Moderate, in spring

Not yet checked against an outside reference: its figures rest on general horticultural knowledge. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.