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Mexican bush sage

Salvia leucantha · Lamiaceae

Mexican bush sage (Salvia leucantha) in flower
Photo: Netherzone, via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Long, arching wands of velvety purple calyces and white flowers pour out of a large grey-green mound in autumn. Grown as an annual north of zone 8.

Size
4 ft tall, 4 ft wide
Zones
8 to 10
Light
Full sun
Flowers
Early September to early November
Pets
No toxicity recorded
Job in a bed
Specimen

A bed built around Mexican bush sage

The planner designed this bed around Mexican bush sage when this page was made: a 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) cottage garden in zone 8, full sun. It chose the other plants from the 655 that suit those conditions and its dry soil, and says below why Mexican bush sage stands where it does.

A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) bed at eye level in early October: Mexican bush sage, Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch', Creeping thyme, Big bluestem 'Blackhawks', Wild quinine, Hairy beardtongue, Persian fritillary, Hardy gladiolus, Lady tulip.
A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) cottage garden in zone 8, full sun, seen from the path in early October.
4. Big bluestem 'Blackhawks'44. Big bluestem 'Blackhawks'44. Big bluestem 'Blackhawks'41. Mexican bush sage13. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme32. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'23. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme32. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'25. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine55. Wild quinine57. Persian fritillary77. Persian fritillary77. Persian fritillary77. Persian fritillary78. Hardy gladiolus8. Hardy gladiolus8. Hardy gladiolus8. Hardy gladiolus6. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue66. Hairy beardtongue63. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme33. Creeping thyme32. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'22. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'28. Hardy gladiolus8. Hardy gladiolus7. Persian fritillary77. Persian fritillary79. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip9. Lady tulip
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch' × 17, pink
  2. 3 Creeping thyme × 14, pink
  3. 4 Big bluestem 'Blackhawks' × 3, purple
  4. 5 Wild quinine × 7, white
  5. 6 Hairy beardtongue × 16, lavender
  6. 7 Persian fritillary × 6, purple
  7. 8 Hardy gladiolus × 6, pink
  8. 9 Lady tulip × 12, red

Why this plant

  • Nothing here is unique to it. Its leaf, flower shape and colour are all on the plan already. Its case rests on where it stands and when it performs.

Why here

  • Anchors a back corner. At 4 ft it is one of the taller plants here, and the tallest close the ends of the bed, where they stand in front of nothing.
  • A step in the back row. Next to hardy gladiolus (2½ ft): no two neighbours there are the same height, so the back steps up and down like a skyline.
  • One plant, alone. A feature plant is seen as an object, and needs clear ground around it.

Why now

  • In flower for 9 weeks. From early September to early November.
  • Closes the season. For its last five weeks nothing else on the plan is in flower.

Planned as a cottage garden: 51 of the 58 plants (88%), bulbs aside, stand alone or in groups of no more than five, small enough for the kinds to mingle. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch' is planted in five places along the bed, which gives it rhythm. Purple runs through the planting: 3 of the 9 kinds grown for their flowers have it.

The planner's own design check: 11 Excellent, 6 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where Mexican bush sage goes in a border

At 4 ft it belongs at the back of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is moderately tall (3 to 4 ft).

Its job: specimen. A feature plant with a shape of its own. It stands alone with room around it, and repeats only at a distance.

It does nothing until September, then becomes the star of the garden until frost. Give it room, and put spring and summer interest in front of it.

  • A spectacular autumn display in warm climates
  • Hummingbirds and butterflies
  • Cut and dried flowers

What to plant with Mexican bush sage

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Autumn sage: in flower together for seven weeks, from early September; a low mound at the foot of its spires; happy in the same dry soil.
  • Russian sage: in flower together for two weeks, from early September; spires rising out of its mound; happy in the same dry soil.
  • Sedum 'Autumn Joy': in flower together for six weeks, from early September; bold leaves against its medium ones; low enough (24 in) to stand in front of it.

Questions about Mexican bush sage

Does Mexican bush sage need sun or shade?

Mexican bush sage grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day).

It wants dry, sharply drained soil, on the lean side, with no feeding, and little watering once settled. Once settled in, it stands drought.

What zones does Mexican bush sage grow in?

USDA zones 8 to 10. It is hardy to zone 8, which means it survives winter nights down to about 20 °F (−7 °C).

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does Mexican bush sage flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers early September to early November. As an autumn flower it keeps much the same dates in every zone: it answers to shortening days and cool nights more than to the warmth of spring.

Roughly when Mexican bush sage is in flower
Zone 8Early September to early November
Zone 9Early September to early November

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should Mexican bush sage be planted?

3½ ft (100 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 4 ft (120 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 4 ft (120 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many Mexican bush sage plants do I need?

At 3½ ft apart, set out in staggered rows:

  • 1 to fill 10 square feet (about 1 m²)
  • 4 for a single row 10 ft (3 m) long
  • 3 to fill a 4 × 8 ft bed on its own

In a mixed border, plant it as one, with clear ground around it: a feature plant is seen as an object, and a group of them is a thicket.

In the bed above, the planner used one in one group.

Is Mexican bush sage poisonous to dogs and cats?

No toxicity is recorded for dogs, cats, horses or people, according to NC State Extension.

"Not toxic" is not "edible": a pet that eats a lot of any plant can be sick.

Is there a native plant like Mexican bush sage?

Mexican bush sage comes from Mexico and Central America. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:

  • Blue false indigo: the same job in a bed and the same size; flowers late May to mid June, blue, not purple.
  • Willowleaf sunflower 'First Light': the same job in a bed and the same flowering time; 10 in narrower, yellow, not purple.
  • Deer grass: the same job in a bed and the same size; flowers early August to early October, tan, not purple.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

Do deer eat Mexican bush sage?

Mostly not. NC State lists it as resistant to deer and rabbits. No plant is proof against a hungry deer in a hard winter, but this one is low on the menu.

What does Mexican bush sage look like in winter?

Mexican bush sage holds some of its leaves into winter, more in a mild year or a sheltered spot, and they look tired by March. Cut the old ones off as new growth starts.

Is Mexican bush sage good for bees and butterflies?

Mexican bush sage is visited by pollinators, butterflies and hummingbirds.

More Salvia

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 8 · Zone 9

In flower in: September · October · November

Every fact on record

Type
Perennial
Size
4 ft (120 cm) tall, 4 ft (120 cm) wide
Plant
3½ ft (100 cm) apart
Height class
Moderately tall (3 to 4 ft)
Place in the bed
Back
Flowers
Early September to early November; upright spires; purple
Leaves
Medium texture, semi-evergreen; grey-green
Shape
Mounding, clumping
Hardy in
USDA zones 8 to 10
Light
Full sun
Soil
Lean, dry and sharply drained
Water
Low
Feeding
None needed
Family
Lamiaceae
Comes from
Mexico and Central America
Attracts
Pollinators, butterflies, hummingbirds
Stands up to
Deer, rabbits, drought, heat

Checked against NC State Extension. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.