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Rockspray cotoneaster

Cotoneaster horizontalis · Rosaceae

Rockspray cotoneaster (Cotoneaster horizontalis) in flower
Photo: peganum from Henfield, England, via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)

Flat sprays of branches arranged in a herringbone pattern, with tiny leaves that turn orange-red in autumn and a heavy crop of red berries that lasts into winter.

Size
2½ ft tall, 6½ ft wide
Zones
5 to 7
Light
Full sun to part sun
Flowers
Late May to early June
Pets
No toxicity recorded
Job in a bed
Anchor

A bed built around rockspray cotoneaster

The planner designed this bed around rockspray cotoneaster when this page was made: a 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) cottage garden in zone 6, full sun. It chose the other plants from the 966 that suit those conditions, and says below why rockspray cotoneaster stands where it does.

A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) bed at eye level in late May: Rockspray cotoneaster, Carpathian bellflower, Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch', Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers', New England aster 'Alma Pötschke', Musk mallow, Spike speedwell, Creeping phlox, Daffodil, Camassia.
A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) cottage garden in zone 6, full sun, seen from the path in late May.
4. Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers'44. Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers'44. Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers'45. New England aster 'Alma Pötschke'55. New England aster 'Alma Pötschke'55. New England aster 'Alma Pötschke'51. Rockspray cotoneaster13. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'38. Creeping phlox88. Creeping phlox88. Creeping phlox82. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower28. Creeping phlox88. Creeping phlox84. Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers'45. New England aster 'Alma Pötschke'56. Musk mallow66. Musk mallow66. Musk mallow610. Camassia1010. Camassia1010. Camassia1010. Camassia102. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower22. Carpathian bellflower27. Spike speedwell77. Spike speedwell77. Spike speedwell77. Spike speedwell77. Spike speedwell73. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'33. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch'310. Camassia1010. Camassia109. Daffodil9. Daffodil9. Daffodil9. Daffodil9. Daffodil9. Daffodil9. Daffodil
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Carpathian bellflower × 8, blue
  2. 3 Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch' × 11, pink
  3. 4 Sweet coneflower 'Henry Eilers' × 4, yellow
  4. 5 New England aster 'Alma Pötschke' × 4, pink
  5. 6 Musk mallow × 3, white
  6. 7 Spike speedwell × 5, blue
  7. 8 Creeping phlox × 5, purple
  8. 9 Daffodil × 7, orange
  9. 10 Camassia × 6, blue

Why this plant

  • The bed's only structure. Shrubs and grasses keep their shape when the perennials die down, and it is the only one here.
  • A classic partner for daffodil. Both are on this plan. A pairing gardeners have proved outranks a general rule.

Why here

  • In the middle. At 2½ ft it is the step between Carpathian bellflower (10 in) in front and New England aster 'Alma Pötschke' (3½ ft) behind: each is seen over the one before.
  • One plant, alone. A shrub is seen as an object, and needs clear ground around it.

Why now

  • In flower for three weeks. From late May to early June.
  • In company. With Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch' and camassia in late May: 3 kinds at once.

Planned as a cottage garden: 41 of the 41 plants (100%), bulbs aside, stand alone or in groups of no more than five, small enough for the kinds to mingle. Neither end outweighs the other: the visual weight is split 51 to 49, left to right. Cheddar pinks 'Firewitch' is planted in three places along the bed, which gives it rhythm.

The planner's own design check: 12 Excellent, 5 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where rockspray cotoneaster goes in a border

At 2½ ft it belongs in the middle of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is medium tall (2½ to 3 ft).

Its job: anchor. A shrub that gives the bed permanent structure. Planted singly, as soon as the front edge is laid; everything else is arranged around it.

The herringbone branches are most striking against a wall or spilling over a rock, and in winter, when they are bare and studded with berries.

  • Fanning out over a wall or bank
  • Winter outline and berries
  • Covering the base of a wall

What to plant with rockspray cotoneaster

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Juniper 'Blue Star': its blue-green leaves are a setting for the flowers, before and after.
  • Daffodil: flowers first, mid April to early May, so the spot is never empty; low enough (16 in) to stand in front of it.
  • Sedum 'Autumn Joy': carries the spot on into mid October; bold leaves against its fine ones.

Questions about rockspray cotoneaster

Does rockspray cotoneaster need sun or shade?

Rockspray cotoneaster grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day) and part sun (4 to 6 hours of sun, including some afternoon sun).

It wants ordinary well-drained soil, of average fertility, and little watering once settled. Once settled in, it stands drought.

What zones does rockspray cotoneaster grow in?

USDA zones 5 to 7. It is hardy to zone 5, which means it survives winter nights down to about −10 °F (−23 °C).

Above zone 7 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does rockspray cotoneaster flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers late May to early June. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when rockspray cotoneaster is in flower
Zone 5Late May to early June
Zone 6Mid May to early June
Zone 7Early May to late May

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should rockspray cotoneaster be planted?

5 ft (150 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 6½ ft (200 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 2½ ft (80 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many rockspray cotoneaster plants do I need?

Usually one. At 5 ft (150 cm) across, it is a plant you place, not one you mass. For a hedge or screen, set them 5 ft apart: three plants for a 10 ft run.

In the bed above, the planner used one in one group.

Is rockspray cotoneaster poisonous to dogs and cats?

No toxicity is recorded for dogs, cats, horses or people, according to NC State Extension.

"Not toxic" is not "edible": a pet that eats a lot of any plant can be sick.

Is there a native plant like rockspray cotoneaster?

Rockspray cotoneaster comes from Central & Southern China and Taiwan. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:

  • Shrubby cinquefoil: the same job in a bed and the same colour; 24 in narrower, flowers early June to mid September.
  • Ninebark 'Little Devil': the same job in a bed, the same flowering time and the same colour; belongs at the back, not in the middle, 12 in taller.
  • Juniper 'Grey Owl': the same job in a bed and the same size; grown for its leaves, not its flowers, keeps its leaves in winter.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

Do deer eat rockspray cotoneaster?

Mostly not. NC State lists it as resistant to rabbits. No plant is proof against a hungry deer in a hard winter, but this one is low on the menu.

Will rockspray cotoneaster spread?

It seeds itself about; the risk of it taking over is moderate. Birds spread the seed, and it has escaped into the wild on the West Coast.

What flowers after rockspray cotoneaster?

Rockspray cotoneaster is over by early June. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

  • Butterfly weed: from late June to early August, 24 in tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.
  • Yarrow: from mid June to late August, 24 in tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.
  • Daylily: from late June to early August, 2½ ft tall.

What does rockspray cotoneaster look like in winter?

Rockspray cotoneaster drops its leaves and stands as bare branches: it is grown for winter outline and berries. That is when to see its shape, and to prune it if it needs pruning.

Is rockspray cotoneaster good for bees and butterflies?

Rockspray cotoneaster is visited by bees and songbirds.

More Cotoneaster

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 5 · Zone 6 · Zone 7

In flower in: May · June

Every fact on record

Type
Shrub (groundcover)
Size
2½ ft (80 cm) tall, 6½ ft (200 cm) wide
Plant
5 ft (150 cm) apart
Height class
Medium tall (2½ to 3 ft)
Place in the bed
Middle
Flowers
Late May to early June; dense clusters; pink
Leaves
Fine texture, deciduous; dark green, red
Shape
Mat-forming, self-seeding
Hardy in
USDA zones 5 to 7
Light
Full sun, part sun
Soil
Average, well-drained
Water
Low
Feeding
None needed
Family
Rosaceae
Comes from
Central & Southern China and Taiwan
Attracts
Bees, songbirds
Stands up to
Rabbits, drought, poor soil, pollution, erosion

Checked against NC State Extension. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.