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Pinxterbloom azalea

Rhododendron periclymenoides · Ericaceae

Pinxterbloom azalea (Rhododendron periclymenoides) in flower
Photo: Mason Brock ( Masebrock ), via Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)

Clusters of pink and white, long-tubed flowers with long, curling stamens open in spring as the leaves unfold. Lightly scented.

Size
6 ft tall, 5 ft wide
Zones
4 to 8
Light
Part sun to part shade
Flowers
Early May to late May
Pets
Toxic (severe)
Job in a bed
Anchor

A bed built around pinxterbloom azalea

The planner designed this bed around pinxterbloom azalea when this page was made: a 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) English border in zone 6, part sun. It chose the other plants from the 708 that suit those conditions, and says below why pinxterbloom azalea stands where it does.

A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) bed at eye level in mid May: Pinxterbloom azalea, Coral bells 'Firefly', Leadwort, Siberian iris 'Caesar's Brother', White mugwort, Palm sedge, Asiatic lily, Camassia, Easter lily.
A 16 × 8 ft (4.9 × 2.4 m) English border in zone 6, part sun, seen from the path in mid May.
1. Pinxterbloom azalea15. White mugwort55. White mugwort55. White mugwort53. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort32. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'23. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort32. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'23. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort32. Coral bells 'Firefly'22. Coral bells 'Firefly'24. Siberian iris 'Caesar's Brother'44. Siberian iris 'Caesar's Brother'44. Siberian iris 'Caesar's Brother'45. White mugwort57. Asiatic lily77. Asiatic lily77. Asiatic lily79. Easter lily99. Easter lily99. Easter lily98. Camassia88. Camassia88. Camassia86. Palm sedge66. Palm sedge66. Palm sedge66. Palm sedge66. Palm sedge63. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort39. Easter lily9
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Coral bells 'Firefly' × 10, red
  2. 3 Leadwort × 29, blue
  3. 4 Siberian iris 'Caesar's Brother' × 3, purple
  4. 5 White mugwort × 4, cream
  5. 6 Palm sedge × 5, green leaves
  6. 7 Asiatic lily × 3, orange
  7. 8 Camassia × 3, white
  8. 9 Easter lily × 4, white

Why this plant

  • The only pink.
  • Part of the bed's structure. Shrubs and grasses keep their shape when the perennials die down. So does palm sedge.

Why here

  • Anchors a back corner. At 6 ft it is the tallest plant here, and the tallest close the ends of the bed, where they stand in front of nothing.
  • A step in the back row. Next to white mugwort (5 ft): no two neighbours there are the same height, so the back steps up and down like a skyline.
  • One plant, alone. A shrub is seen as an object, and needs clear ground around it.

Why now

  • In flower for four weeks. From early May to late May.
  • Opens the season. For its first two weeks nothing else on the plan is in flower.

Planned as an English border: 7 of the 8 groups (88%) are drifts, longer along the bed than they are deep. Leadwort is planted in 7 places along the bed, which gives it rhythm. When the flowers are over, coral bells 'Firefly' and palm sedge keep the bed from looking bare.

The planner's own design check: 11 Excellent, 5 Good, 1 Satisfactory.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where pinxterbloom azalea goes in a border

At 6 ft it belongs at the back of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is very tall (5 to 6½ ft).

Its job: anchor. A shrub that gives the bed permanent structure. Planted singly, as soon as the front edge is laid; everything else is arranged around it.

The wild azalea of eastern woods, and the most tolerant of dry, sandy soil. It suckers slowly into a loose colony. Its nectar feeds early swallowtails and hummingbirds.

  • Native woodland gardens
  • Dry, open shade
  • Early butterflies and hummingbirds

What to plant with pinxterbloom azalea

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Mountain laurel: takes over when it finishes, flowering from late May.
  • Lowbush blueberry: in flower together for three weeks, from early May; low enough (16 in) to stand in front of it.
  • Christmas fern: its dark green leaves are a setting for the flowers, before and after; low enough (20 in) to stand in front of it.

Questions about pinxterbloom azalea

Does pinxterbloom azalea need sun or shade?

Pinxterbloom azalea grows in part sun (4 to 6 hours of sun, including some afternoon sun) and part shade (2 to 4 hours of sun, mostly in the morning).

It wants ordinary well-drained soil, of average fertility, and a good soak in dry spells.

What zones does pinxterbloom azalea grow in?

USDA zones 4 to 8. It is hardy to zone 4, which means it survives winter nights down to about −20 °F (−29 °C).

Above zone 8 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does pinxterbloom azalea flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers early May to late May. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when pinxterbloom azalea is in flower
Zone 4Early May to late May
Zone 5Early May to late May
Zone 6Late April to mid May
Zone 7Mid April to early May
Zone 8Mid April to early May

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should pinxterbloom azalea be planted?

4½ ft (130 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 5 ft (150 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 6 ft (180 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many pinxterbloom azalea plants do I need?

Usually one. At 4½ ft (130 cm) across, it is a plant you place, not one you mass. For a hedge or screen, set them 4½ ft apart: three plants for a 10 ft run.

In the bed above, the planner used one in one group.

Is pinxterbloom azalea poisonous to dogs and cats?

Yes: severe toxicity to people, dogs, cats and horses. All parts, including the nectar, are highly poisonous if eaten and can affect the heart.

Rated from NC State Extension and the ASPCA. Where references disagree, the more cautious rating is used.

Is there a pet-safe plant like pinxterbloom azalea?

These come closest to doing what pinxterbloom azalea does, and no toxicity is recorded for them:

  • Black chokeberry 'Viking': the same job in a bed and the same flowering time; 4 in narrower, white, not pink.
  • Virginia rose: the same job in a bed and the same colour; 12 in shorter, 4 in narrower.
  • Double Japanese kerria: the same job in a bed and the same flowering time; 8 in wider, yellow, not pink.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

Do deer eat pinxterbloom azalea?

They may. NC State does not list it as resistant to deer or rabbits. Where they visit, protect it, or plant it among ones they avoid.

What flowers after pinxterbloom azalea?

Pinxterbloom azalea is over by late May. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

  • Mountain laurel: from late May to late June, 8 ft tall (a recorded partner).
  • Blue false indigo: from late May to mid June, 4 ft tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.
  • Foxglove: from early June to mid July, 4 ft tall, to stand in front of it and cover its fading stems.

What does pinxterbloom azalea look like in winter?

Pinxterbloom azalea drops its leaves and stands as bare branches. That is when to see its shape, and to prune it if it needs pruning.

Is pinxterbloom azalea good for bees and butterflies?

Pinxterbloom azalea is visited by pollinators, bees, specialist bees, butterflies and hummingbirds.

It is native to the United States.

More Rhododendron

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 4 · Zone 5 · Zone 6 · Zone 7 · Zone 8

In flower in: May

Every fact on record

Type
Shrub
Size
6 ft (180 cm) tall, 5 ft (150 cm) wide
Plant
4½ ft (130 cm) apart
Height class
Very tall (5 to 6½ ft)
Place in the bed
Back
Flowers
Early May to late May; trumpets; pink, white
Leaves
Medium texture, deciduous; green
Shape
Upright, spreading
Hardy in
USDA zones 4 to 8
Light
Part sun, part shade
Soil
Average, well-drained
Water
Moderate
Feeding
None needed
Family
Ericaceae
Attracts
Pollinators, bees, specialist bees, butterflies, hummingbirds

Checked against NC State Extension and ASPCA poison lists. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.