Blue oat grass
Helictotrichon sempervirens · Poaceae
A perfect dome of stiff, steel-blue leaves, like a blue fescue three times the size, with arching, oat-like flower stems in early summer.
- Size
- 2½ ft tall, 2½ ft wide
- Zones
- 4 to 8
- Light
- Full sun
- Flowers
- Early June to early July
- Pets
- No toxicity recorded
- Job in a bed
- Specimen
A bed built around blue oat grass
The planner designed this bed around blue oat grass when this page was made: a 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) naturalistic planting in zone 6, full sun. It chose the other plants from the 715 that suit those conditions and its dry soil, and says below why blue oat grass stands where it does.
The plants
- 1 Blue oat grass × 1, tan
- 2 Sedum 'Lidakense' × 26, pink
- 3 Cottage pinks × 8, white
- 4 False sunflower 'Summer Nights' × 3, yellow
- 5 Little bluestem 'The Blues' × 5, tan
- 6 English lavender 'Hidcote' × 3, purple
- 7 Triteleia 'Queen Fabiola' × 7, blue
- 8 Schubert's allium × 3, pink
Why this plant
- The only plumes. The others are dense clusters, daisies, spires and others. Shape reads at a distance, where colours blur.
- A classic partner for English lavender 'Hidcote'. Both are on this plan. A pairing gardeners have proved outranks a general rule.
- Part of the bed's structure. Shrubs and grasses keep their shape when the perennials die down. So does little bluestem 'The Blues'.
Why here
- In the middle. At 2½ ft it is seen over sedum 'Lidakense' (4 in) in front of it.
- One plant, alone. A feature plant is seen as an object, and needs clear ground around it.
- Beside English lavender 'Hidcote'. A recognised partner: the planner puts such plants together where it can.
Why now
- In flower for five weeks. From early June to early July.
- Part of the bed's peak. With cottage pinks, English lavender 'Hidcote', triteleia 'Queen Fabiola' and others in late June: 5 kinds at once. No week has more.
- Stands through winter. Left uncut, it holds its shape until March, when the perennials have gone.
Planned as a naturalistic planting: low grasses and groundcovers, the matrix, make up 50% of the planted ground. The scheme leans cool (pink, purple and blue) and uses yellow for warmth, with tan and white to calm things between them. The most in flower at one time is 5 kinds, from late June.
The planner's own design check: 10 Excellent, 7 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.
Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.
Where blue oat grass goes in a border
At 2½ ft it belongs in the middle of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is medium (24 in to 2½ ft).
Its job: specimen. A feature plant with a shape of its own. It stands alone with room around it, and repeats only at a distance.
The best blue grass of medium size. Its spiky, rounded shape is a strong accent among soft mounds of lavender and sedum. It needs good drainage, and rots in wet clay.
- A blue specimen for dry, sunny beds
- Contrast with pink and purple flowers
- Gravel gardens
What to plant with blue oat grass
Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:
- English lavender 'Hidcote': in flower together for three weeks, from late June; spires rising out of its mound; low enough (18 in) to stand in front of it.
- Sedum 'Autumn Joy': takes over when it finishes, flowering from mid August; bold leaves against its fine ones; happy in the same dry soil.
- Russian sage: takes over when it finishes, flowering from mid July; spires rising out of its mound; tall enough (4 ft) to stand behind it.
Choosing between it and a look-alike? Blue fescue vs Blue oat grass.
Questions about blue oat grass
Does blue oat grass need sun or shade?
Blue oat grass grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day).
It wants dry, sharply drained soil, on the lean side, with no feeding, and little watering once settled. Once settled in, it stands drought.
What zones does blue oat grass grow in?
USDA zones 4 to 8. It is hardy to zone 4, which means it survives winter nights down to about −20 °F (−29 °C).
Above zone 8 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.
Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.
When does blue oat grass flower in my zone?
In zone 5 it flowers early June to early July. As a summer flower it moves about half a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer.
| Zone 4 | Mid June to mid July |
|---|---|
| Zone 5 | Early June to early July |
| Zone 6 | Early June to early July |
| Zone 7 | Late May to late June |
| Zone 8 | Late May to late June |
Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.
How far apart should blue oat grass be planted?
24 in (60 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 2½ ft (75 cm), so a group knits into one patch.
It grows 2½ ft (75 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.
How many blue oat grass plants do I need?
At 24 in apart, set out in staggered rows:
- 3 to fill 10 square feet (about 1 m²)
- 6 for a single row 10 ft (3 m) long
- 10 to fill a 4 × 8 ft bed on its own
In a mixed border, plant it as one, with clear ground around it: a feature plant is seen as an object, and a group of them is a thicket.
In the bed above, the planner used one in one group.
Is blue oat grass poisonous to dogs and cats?
No toxicity is recorded for dogs, cats, horses or people, according to NC State Extension.
"Not toxic" is not "edible": a pet that eats a lot of any plant can be sick.
Is there a native plant like blue oat grass?
Blue oat grass comes from Southeast France to Italy. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:
- Prairie dropseed: the same size and the same colour; a drift, not a specimen, flowers mid August to mid September.
- Blue grama 'Blonde Ambition': the same size; a drift, not a specimen, flowers mid July to mid October.
- Autumn sage: the same size; a drift, not a specimen, flowers mid May to mid October.
Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.
Do deer eat blue oat grass?
Mostly not. NC State lists it as resistant to deer. No plant is proof against a hungry deer in a hard winter, but this one is low on the menu.
What flowers after blue oat grass?
Blue oat grass is over by early July. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:
- Russian sage: from mid July to mid September, 4 ft tall (a recorded partner).
- Black-eyed Susan: from mid July to mid September, 24 in tall.
- Butterfly weed: from late June to early August, 24 in tall.
What does blue oat grass look like in winter?
Blue oat grass holds some of its leaves into winter, more in a mild year or a sheltered spot, and they look tired by March. Cut the old ones off as new growth starts.
In these guides
- Salt-tolerant plants for roadsides and coasts
- Plants that grow near black walnut
- Plants for slopes and banks
- Pet-safe plants for a sunny border
- Ornamental grasses under 3 feet
Every fact on record
- Type
- Grass
- Size
- 2½ ft (75 cm) tall, 2½ ft (75 cm) wide
- Plant
- 24 in (60 cm) apart
- Height class
- Medium (24 in to 2½ ft)
- Place in the bed
- Middle
- Flowers
- Early June to early July; feathery plumes; tan
- Leaves
- Fine texture, semi-evergreen; blue-green
- Shape
- Mounding, clumping
- Hardy in
- USDA zones 4 to 8
- Light
- Full sun
- Soil
- Lean, dry and sharply drained
- Water
- Low
- Feeding
- None needed
- Family
- Poaceae
- Comes from
- Southeast France to Italy
- Stands up to
- Deer, drought, salt, black walnut, pollution, erosion
Checked against NC State Extension. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.