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Burkwood osmanthus

Osmanthus x burkwoodii · Oleaceae

Burkwood osmanthus (Osmanthus x burkwoodii) in flower
Photo: Wouter Hagens, via Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)

A dense, rounded evergreen with small, leathery, dark leaves, and in spring thousands of tiny white flowers with a scent that fills the garden.

Size
8 ft tall, 8 ft wide
Zones
6 to 9
Light
Full sun to part shade
Flowers
Mid April to early May
Pets
No toxicity recorded
Job in a bed
Anchor

A bed built around Burkwood osmanthus

The planner designed this bed around Burkwood osmanthus when this page was made: a 22 × 10 ft (6.7 × 3.0 m) English border in zone 6, part sun. It chose the other plants from the 708 that suit those conditions, and says below why Burkwood osmanthus stands where it does.

A 22 × 10 ft (6.7 × 3.0 m) bed at eye level in late April: Burkwood osmanthus, Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana', Leadwort, Feather reed grass 'Avalanche', Joe Pye weed 'Little Joe', White mugwort, Palm sedge, Lowbush blueberry, Japanese onion 'Ozawa', Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet', Lady's mantle, Henry's lily, Meadow saffron, Surprise lily.
A 22 × 10 ft (6.7 × 3.0 m) English border in zone 6, part sun, seen from the path in late April.
1. Burkwood osmanthus112. Henry's lily1212. Henry's lily1212. Henry's lily123. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort32. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'29. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'910. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'102. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'29. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'95. Joe Pye weed 'Little Joe'55. Joe Pye weed 'Little Joe'55. Joe Pye weed 'Little Joe'56. White mugwort66. White mugwort66. White mugwort64. Feather reed grass 'Avalanche'44. Feather reed grass 'Avalanche'44. Feather reed grass 'Avalanche'412. Henry's lily129. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'93. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort32. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'23. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort39. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'910. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'109. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'92. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'29. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'93. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort33. Leadwort39. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'99. Japanese onion 'Ozawa'98. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry88. Lowbush blueberry811. Lady's mantle1111. Lady's mantle1111. Lady's mantle117. Palm sedge77. Palm sedge77. Palm sedge710. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'1010. Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet'102. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'22. Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana'214. Surprise lily14. Surprise lily14. Surprise lily13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron13. Meadow saffron
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Mouse-ear coreopsis 'Nana' × 38, yellow
  2. 3 Leadwort × 18, blue
  3. 4 Feather reed grass 'Avalanche' × 3, tan
  4. 5 Joe Pye weed 'Little Joe' × 3, pink
  5. 6 White mugwort × 3, cream
  6. 7 Palm sedge × 3, green leaves
  7. 8 Lowbush blueberry × 8, white
  8. 9 Japanese onion 'Ozawa' × 31, purple
  9. 10 Robin's plantain 'Lynnhaven Carpet' × 11, lavender
  10. 11 Lady's mantle × 3, green
  11. 12 Henry's lily × 4, orange
  12. 13 Meadow saffron × 17, pink
  13. 14 Surprise lily × 3, pink

Why this plant

  • Nothing here is unique to it. Its leaf, flower shape and colour are all on the plan already. Its case rests on where it stands and when it performs.

Why here

  • Anchors a back corner. At 8 ft it is the tallest plant here, and the tallest close the ends of the bed, where they stand in front of nothing.
  • A step in the back row. Next to henry's lily (6 ft): no two neighbours there are the same height, so the back steps up and down like a skyline.
  • One plant, alone. A shrub is seen as an object, and needs clear ground around it.

Why now

  • In flower for four weeks. From mid April to early May.
  • Opens the season. For its first three weeks nothing else on the plan is in flower.
  • The only leaves in winter. From November to March it is what there is to look at.

Planned as an English border: 24 of the 27 groups (89%) are drifts, longer along the bed than they are deep. The bed is balanced: the left half carries 50% of the visual weight and the right half 50%. The flowering year starts with Burkwood osmanthus in mid April and ends with Japanese onion 'Ozawa' in early November.

The planner's own design check: 12 Excellent, 4 Good, 1 Satisfactory.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where Burkwood osmanthus goes in a border

At 8 ft it belongs at the back of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is super tall (over 6½ ft).

Its job: anchor. A shrub that gives the bed permanent structure. Planted singly, as soon as the front edge is laid; everything else is arranged around it.

A fine hedge or background shrub that clips well and asks for nothing. The scent, like jasmine, is the reason to plant it near a path.

  • Scented evergreen hedges
  • A dark background
  • Topiary

What to plant with Burkwood osmanthus

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Lenten rose: in flower together for four weeks, from mid April; bold leaves against its fine ones; low enough (18 in) to stand in front of it.
  • Cranesbill 'Rozanne': takes over when it finishes, flowering from early June; low enough (18 in) to stand in front of it.
  • Lilyturf: carries the spot on into mid September; spires rising out of its mound; low enough (16 in) to stand in front of it.

Questions about Burkwood osmanthus

Does Burkwood osmanthus need sun or shade?

Burkwood osmanthus grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day), part sun (4 to 6 hours of sun, including some afternoon sun) and part shade (2 to 4 hours of sun, mostly in the morning).

It wants ordinary well-drained soil, of average fertility, and a good soak in dry spells. Once settled in, it stands drought.

What zones does Burkwood osmanthus grow in?

USDA zones 6 to 9. It is hardy to zone 6, which means it survives winter nights down to about 0 °F (−18 °C).

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does Burkwood osmanthus flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers mid April to early May. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when Burkwood osmanthus is in flower
Zone 6Early April to late April
Zone 7Late March to mid April
Zone 8Late March to mid April
Zone 9Mid March to early April

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should Burkwood osmanthus be planted?

6½ ft (200 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 8 ft (250 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 8 ft (250 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many Burkwood osmanthus plants do I need?

Usually one. At 6½ ft (200 cm) across, it is a plant you place, not one you mass. For a hedge or screen, set them 6½ ft apart: two plants for a 10 ft run.

In the bed above, the planner used one in one group.

Is Burkwood osmanthus poisonous to dogs and cats?

No toxicity is recorded for dogs, cats, horses or people, according to NC State Extension.

"Not toxic" is not "edible": a pet that eats a lot of any plant can be sick.

Is there a native plant like Burkwood osmanthus?

Burkwood osmanthus is not native to North America. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:

  • Mountain laurel: the same job in a bed, the same size and the same colour; flowers late May to late June, medium leaves, not fine.
  • Catawba rhododendron: the same job in a bed, the same size and the same colour; flowers late May to mid June, bold leaves, not fine.
  • Saskatoon serviceberry: the same job in a bed, the same flowering time and the same colour; 20 in taller, medium leaves, not fine.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

Do deer eat Burkwood osmanthus?

Mostly not. NC State lists it as resistant to deer. No plant is proof against a hungry deer in a hard winter, but this one is low on the menu.

What flowers after Burkwood osmanthus?

Burkwood osmanthus is over by early May. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

What does Burkwood osmanthus look like in winter?

Burkwood osmanthus keeps its dark green leaves all winter, so it is one of the plants that hold a bed together from November to March, when the perennials have gone.

More Osmanthus

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 6 · Zone 7 · Zone 8 · Zone 9

In flower in: April · May

Every fact on record

Type
Shrub
Size
8 ft (250 cm) tall, 8 ft (250 cm) wide
Plant
6½ ft (200 cm) apart
Height class
Super tall (over 6½ ft)
Place in the bed
Back
Flowers
Mid April to early May; trumpets; white
Leaves
Fine texture, evergreen; dark green
Shape
Rounded, clumping
Hardy in
USDA zones 6 to 9
Light
Full sun, part sun, part shade
Soil
Average, well-drained
Water
Moderate
Feeding
Light, in spring
Family
Oleaceae
Stands up to
Deer, drought, pollution

Checked against NC State Extension. Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.