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Bloody cranesbill

Geranium sanguineum · Geraniaceae

Bloody cranesbill (Geranium sanguineum) in flower
Photo: MPF, via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

A low, spreading mound of small, deeply cut leaves studded with magenta flowers for weeks in early summer, turning crimson in autumn. The toughest cranesbill.

Size
12 in tall, 24 in wide
Zones
3 to 8
Light
Full sun to part sun
Flowers
Late May to late July
Pets
No toxicity recorded
Job in a bed
Edging

A bed built around bloody cranesbill

The planner designed this bed around bloody cranesbill when this page was made: a 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, full sun. It chose the other plants from the 966 that suit those conditions, and says below why bloody cranesbill stands where it does.

A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) bed at eye level in late June: Bloody cranesbill, Leadwort, Little bluestem 'The Blues', Stiff goldenrod, Inkberry 'Gem Box', Chives, Star of Persia, Hyacinth.
A 12 × 6 ft (3.7 × 1.8 m) English border in zone 6, full sun, seen from the path in late June.
4. Stiff goldenrod44. Stiff goldenrod44. Stiff goldenrod43. Little bluestem 'The Blues'33. Little bluestem 'The Blues'33. Little bluestem 'The Blues'33. Little bluestem 'The Blues'33. Little bluestem 'The Blues'35. Inkberry 'Gem Box'51. Bloody cranesbill11. Bloody cranesbill11. Bloody cranesbill11. Bloody cranesbill11. Bloody cranesbill12. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort27. Star of Persia77. Star of Persia76. Chives66. Chives66. Chives66. Chives66. Chives66. Chives66. Chives66. Chives62. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort22. Leadwort27. Star of Persia77. Star of Persia78. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth8. Hyacinth
From above, to scale. Each circle is one plant, as wide as the room it needs.

The plants

  1. 2 Leadwort × 12, blue
  2. 3 Little bluestem 'The Blues' × 5, tan
  3. 4 Stiff goldenrod × 3, yellow
  4. 5 Inkberry 'Gem Box' × 1, dark green leaves
  5. 6 Chives × 8, purple
  6. 7 Star of Persia × 4, purple
  7. 8 Hyacinth × 10, white

Why this plant

  • The only open bowls. The others are dense clusters, spires, flat plates and others. Shape reads at a distance, where colours blur.
  • The only pink.

Why here

  • On the front edge. At 12 in it frames the bed without hiding it, and it is in leaf all season. It finishes 64% of the edge.
  • 5 plants in one run. An unbroken run of one kind gives the edge a clean line.

Why now

  • In flower for 10 weeks. From late May to late July.
  • Fills a gap. For five of those weeks nothing else on the plan is in flower.

Planned as an English border: 6 of the 7 groups (86%) are drifts, longer along the bed than they are deep. Early colour comes from bulbs planted between the other plants: hyacinth. The scheme leans cool (pink, blue and purple) and uses yellow for warmth, with tan and white to calm things between them.

The planner's own design check: 12 Excellent, 5 Good. It flags one thing to watch: Nothing on this plan is highly poisonous or an aggressive spreader.

Open this bed in the planner Change its size, the sun or the style, move plants about, or swap one for another.

Where bloody cranesbill goes in a border

At 12 in it belongs at the front of a bed. In the planner's ten height classes it is low (6 to 12 in).

Its job: edging. A low, neat plant used in short runs of three or five along the front to finish the edge (or, in a formal bed, in one even row).

It takes sun, drought and poor soil better than any other cranesbill. The magenta is strong: grey foliage and blue flowers calm it, and the pale pink variety is easier to place.

  • The front edge of a sunny bed
  • Dry banks
  • Weed-suppressing cover under roses

What to plant with bloody cranesbill

Plants recorded as good partners for it, and what each pairing does:

  • Catmint 'Walker's Low': in flower together for 10 weeks, from late May; spires rising out of its mound; tall enough (24 in) to stand behind it.
  • Lady's mantle: in flower together for six weeks, from late May.
  • Siberian iris: in flower together for four weeks, from late May; tall enough (2½ ft) to stand behind it.

Questions about bloody cranesbill

Does bloody cranesbill need sun or shade?

Bloody cranesbill grows in full sun (6 or more hours of direct sun a day) and part sun (4 to 6 hours of sun, including some afternoon sun).

It wants ordinary well-drained soil, of average fertility, and little watering once settled.

What zones does bloody cranesbill grow in?

USDA zones 3 to 8. It is hardy to zone 3, which means it survives winter nights down to about −30 °F (−34 °C).

Above zone 8 it struggles: the zones measure winter cold, but a plant's top zone usually means the summers are too hot or the winters too mild for it to rest.

Gardening in Canada? Use the USDA zone for your town: Canada's own zone map uses different numbers.

When does bloody cranesbill flower in my zone?

In zone 5 it flowers late May to late July. As a spring flower it moves about a week for every zone: earlier where it is warmer, later where it is colder.

Roughly when bloody cranesbill is in flower
Zone 3Early June to early August
Zone 4Late May to early August
Zone 5Late May to late July
Zone 6Mid May to late July
Zone 7Early May to mid July
Zone 8Early May to mid July

Worked out from Hopkins' bioclimatic law: spring arrives about four days later for each degree of latitude north, and one zone is roughly two degrees. A warm spring or a cold one moves any garden two weeks either way.

How far apart should bloody cranesbill be planted?

18 in (45 cm) apart, from the middle of one plant to the middle of the next. That is a little closer than its full width of 24 in (60 cm), so a group knits into one patch.

It grows 12 in (30 cm) tall. Give it the full distance from anything taller, or it will lean out towards the light.

How many bloody cranesbill plants do I need?

At 18 in apart, set out in staggered rows:

  • 5 to fill 10 square feet (about 1 m²)
  • 7 for a single row 10 ft (3 m) long
  • 17 to fill a 4 × 8 ft bed on its own

In a mixed border, plant it as runs of three or five along the front (or one even row, in a formal bed).

In the bed above, the planner used five in one group.

Is bloody cranesbill poisonous to dogs and cats?

No toxicity is recorded for dogs, cats, horses or people, according to NC State Extension.

"Not toxic" is not "edible": a pet that eats a lot of any plant can be sick.

Is there a native plant like bloody cranesbill?

Bloody cranesbill comes from Europe to Caucasus. These North American natives come closest to doing its job:

  • Scarlet coral bells: the same job in a bed, the same flowering time and the same colour; 6 in taller, medium leaves, not fine.
  • Alpine aster: the same job in a bed and the same colour; 6 in narrower, flowers mid May to late June.
  • Threadleaf coreopsis 'Zagreb': the same job in a bed; 4 in taller, flowers late June to late August.

Matched the way the planner's Swap button matches plants: the same job in a bed, then size, then flowering time.

Do deer eat bloody cranesbill?

Mostly not. NC State lists it as resistant to deer and rabbits. No plant is proof against a hungry deer in a hard winter, but this one is low on the menu.

What flowers after bloody cranesbill?

Bloody cranesbill is over by late July. These start as it finishes and carry the same spot on, so it never goes flat:

What does bloody cranesbill look like in winter?

Bloody cranesbill dies down to the ground and there is nothing to see until spring. The old stems can be cut in autumn, or left until spring as shelter for overwintering insects.

Is bloody cranesbill good for bees and butterflies?

Bloody cranesbill is visited by pollinators, specialist bees and butterflies.

More Geranium

In these guides

Zone guides: Zone 3 · Zone 4 · Zone 5 · Zone 6 · Zone 7 · Zone 8

In flower in: May · June · July

Every fact on record

Type
Perennial
Size
12 in (30 cm) tall, 24 in (60 cm) wide
Plant
18 in (45 cm) apart
Height class
Low (6 to 12 in)
Place in the bed
Front
Flowers
Late May to late July; open bowls; pink, white
Leaves
Fine texture, herbaceous; dark green
Shape
Mounding, clumping
Hardy in
USDA zones 3 to 8
Light
Full sun, part sun
Soil
Average, well-drained
Water
Low
Feeding
None needed
Family
Geraniaceae
Comes from
Europe to Caucasus
Attracts
Pollinators, specialist bees, butterflies
Stands up to
Deer, rabbits

Checked against NC State Extension and VASCAN (plants of Canada). Flowering times are for zone 5: later in colder zones, earlier in warmer ones. Toxicity and spread information is a general gardening guide, not veterinary or medical advice, and invasive status varies by region. If a person or pet eats a plant, contact poison control or a vet. Check your local invasive species list before planting anything with a spread warning.